Growing trees for your landscape is a gardening challenge that offers great rewards. Adding an evergreen for a living or cut Christmas tree is a fun, learning project and your entire family can contribute, from planting a seedling to placing ornaments on the branches. Like most gardening endeavors, this one requires patience.
Benefits of Growing Your Own Christmas Tree
Christmas evergreens, like all trees, benefit the environment by exchanging carbon dioxide for oxygen to improve air quality.
Living trees also eliminate manufacturing costs and environmental waste accumulated in the production of artificial trees. Evergreens serve as food and shelter for wildlife, improve soil quality, prevent erosion, and add year-round color and interest to your landscape.
How Long Does It Take to Grow a Christmas Tree?
Plan to spend at least five years for your holiday evergreen to reach a good height for cutting or decorating. Several factors determine growth rates.
Species and variety of evergreens you choose.
Your USDA hardiness zone, specific climate, and growing conditions.
Whether you start from a seed, a potted seedling, or a sapling.
Popular Christmas Trees You Can Grow
Here are eight types of evergreens often found on Christmas tree sales lots that you can grow at home.
Eastern White Pine
Eastern White Pine, Pinus strobus, is one of the fastest-growing evergreens but starts out slowly. Not until it reaches sapling size does this pine take off so plan on eight to ten years for a full-size Christmas tree at about 4 1/2 feet.
It features a pyramidal form with soft, blue-green needles. Branches are used as holiday greenery but are somewhat fragile and may not stand up to heavy decoration. Eastern White Pine is hardy in USDA zones 3 to 8.
Scots Pine
Scots Pine, Pinus sylvestris, is found across the globe and widely grown for the Christmas tree market. Features include rapid growth, pyramidal shape, sturdy branching, and excellent needle retention.
This pine can reach a Christmas tree size of 8 feet in five years. Scots pine grows in USDA hardiness zones 2 to 9.
Colorado Blue Spruce
Considered a slow grower, Colorado Blue Spruce, Picea pungens, can reach Christmas tree size in five years at 5 feet tall when started as a 2-foot sapling.
A notable ornamental in the landscape, the short, stiff, blue-green needles and sturdy branching earn high marks as a holiday tree. Colorado Blue Spruce grows in USDA hardiness zones 2 to 7.
Norway Spruce
Norway Spruce, Picea abies, needs two years to establish after which it can grow up to 3 feet each year. Starting with a 2-foot potted sapling, it reaches heights to 10 feet in five years with a narrow, conical form and dark green needles.
Primary branches turn upwards while secondary branches drape slightly for an elegant flowing appearance. Norway Spruce grows in USDA hardiness zones 2 to 7.
Douglas Fir
Douglas Fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii, can grow up to 6 feet tall in five years. This is a common tree found on Christmas tree lots but has a short life span of only about two weeks after cutting.
It features a conical shape with dense branching and yellow-green to blue-green needles with good retention. Native to the American West and coastal areas, it grows best in USDA hardiness zones 4 to 6.
Fraser Fir
Fraser Fir, Abies fraseri, is an evergreen you're most likely to see when you visit a Christmas tree farm. One of the most popular holiday trees, it is a slow grower so plan to invest about 12 years to grow your own.
Outstanding characteristics include uniform pyramidal form, strong upward curving branches, and blue-green needles with good retention. Fraser Fir grows in USDA hardiness zones 4 to 7.
Noble Fir
If you live in the mountains or a climate with lots of precipitation and snowy winters, Noble Fir, Abies procera, may be a possibility for a grow-your-own Christmas tree. Growth rates vary, but in ideal conditions, this evergreen can reach 4 to 5 feet tall in five to nine years.
Valued for its symmetry, Noble Fir features sturdy branches and blue-green needles with a silvery hue. It grows in USDA hardiness zones 5 to 6.
Arizona Cypress
If you live in a climate with warm winters, Arizona Cypress, Cupressus arizonica, is a good choice for growing your own Christmas tree. Some varieties can reach 5 to 10 feet tall in just five years.
It features strong horizontal branches, a tall, narrow, conical shape and gray-green to blue-green needles with a silvery cast. Arizona Cypress grows well in the desert southwest and USDA hardiness zones 7 to 9.
Caring For a Potted Christmas Tree
An easy start to growing your own full-size tree is to purchase a young pot-grown tree. Plenty of evergreen varieties are available at nurseries and retailers, but choose one that grows in your hardiness zone and climate. Follow these tips for caring for your potted tree.
Consider dwarf varieties.
Bring the tree inside for decorating but return it to an outdoor location after ten days.
Place it away from heating vents and provide good air circulation.
Avoid heavy decorations and overloading branches.
Water regularly when the top inch of soil gets dry.
Consider potting it up after the holidays.
Choose a pot twice the size of the rootball with good drainage.
Fertilize your potted tree monthly during the growing season with a balanced slow-release formula.